Morphology - Nixezedon

Nouns - Thornasan

The entire world is divided into three categories: that which is earthly (ödeidon), that which is alive (leneir), and that which is divine (xilitia). Nouns are no different. Each noun is a member of one of these three classes, with a few nouns not belonging to any class, being generic (ungertïn). Each noun is also either strong or weak.

To change the function of a noun, you change the case that it uses. When singular, nouns of different classes use the same endings. Plural nouns distinguish the different classes.

vocative esiur - For addressing someone or something.

nominative haliser - The noun that is doing the action.

accusative halithidon - The noun that is acted upon.

genitive phänothidon - Something that possesses the noun before it.

ingeminate kelämidon - A noun that (along with its action) is acted upon by the subject.

dative lathidon - A noun that has action directed towards it, or for its benefit.

 

In the table below are several special marks.

-: indicates that the vowel at or just before the ending is to be made long.

-' indicates that that vowel is to be stressed.

lacüa - fish
lacu - the fish swims
lacun - the man eats the fish
lacutia - the fish's scales
lacües - he sees the fish swimming
lacüta - to the fish

lacura - fishes
lacur - the fishes swim
lacurun - the man eats the fishes
lacurtia - the fishes' scales
lacures - he sees the fishes swimming
lacúrata - to the fishes

priceta - place
pricer - the place is empty
pricetun - go to that place
pricetia - the grass of the place
pricetes - we entered the place that is cold
pricéthäta - to the place

pricetana - places
pricetan - those places are gone
pricetanun - we saw those places
pricetantia - the places' names
pricetanes - they named the places lacking names
pricétanäta - to the places

Verbs - Tholeci

Verbs are divided into strong and weak forms, just like nouns. A verb takes endings to indicate if it is happening now (present), if it happened in the past (past), or if it will happen (future). It also takes endings to indicate if it is true (indicative), could be true (subjunctive), or must be true (necessitative).

haru ei - I sleep
haruteir ei - I slept
harüda ei - I will sleep
harun ei - I would sleep
harunteir ei - I would have slept
harunda ei - I would sleep at some time in the future
haruil ei - I must sleep
haruilteir ei - I had to sleep
haruiläda ei - I will have to sleep

úxula ar - you think
uxuletei ar - you thought
uxuläda ar- you will think
uxulan ar - you would think
uxulanteir ar- you would have thought
uxulanada ar - you would think at some time in the future
uxulul ar - you must think
uxulilteir ar - you had to think
uxuliläda ar - you will have to think

Adjectives - Cedesi

Adjectives change their form depending on what class of noun they are attached to. Of the forms below, the first is used after vowels, the second after consonants.

ledeï neciora
ledei necior
ledein neciorun
ledeitia necioria
ledeïes neciores
ledeïta necióräta

A prefix may be added to an adjective to make it more intense. Ca- indicates that it is stronger than another such thing, while hor- indicates that it is the strongest such thing.

ledei - red
caledei - redder
horledei - reddest

Pronouns - Cai-thornásanäta

Pronouns behave like regular nouns do, taking the same inflectional endings. In the plural, pronouns take the class of the noun they represent.

ei - I
ar - you
er - he, she, it
du - we
rai - you, pl.
re - they

hilei - what, which, who
lo - this
de - that

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© 2003 J. J. Fatula, III, all rights reserved.